Ngā Rauropi Whakaoranga

Cyclosorus pennigerus, Dryopteris pennigera, Goniopteris pennigera (Colenso 1868a) , Polypodium pennigerum (in Best 1907), Thelypteris pennigera

pākau, pākau-roharoha (Best 1907), piupiu (Williams 1971), 

gully fern

Fronds used for wrapping hangi food (Colenso 1868a).

Young fronds eaten ( Best 1902).

In South Westland, leaves of the piupiu fern were wrapped around weka and other birds being cooked in the umu and were eaten as a relish to the flesh (Madgwick 1992)

In Whangerei, the scraped roots were used as poultices for boils - `very drawing" (Bell 1890).

Related pharmacology in Brooker Cambie and Cooper 1987

See Riley 1994 for information on medicinal uses of related plants elsewhere in the world.